Delta State
“The Big Heart”
Key Information
Capital City
Asaba
Governor
Sheriff Oborevwori
Deputy Governor
Monday Onyeme
Date Created
27 August 1991
Geopolitical Zone
South South
Area
17,698 sq km
Estimated Population
5,663,400 (2016 estimate)
Senatorial Districts
3
About Delta State
Delta State is an oil-rich industrial and agricultural hub located in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. It is defined by its extensive coastline along the Bight of Benin and its diverse ethnic composition, including the Urhobo, Igbo, Itsekiri, Ijaw, and Isoko peoples.
Historical Evolution and Creation
Delta State was established on August 27, 1991, under the military administration of General Ibrahim Babangida. It was carved out of the defunct Bendel State, which had previously existed as the Mid-Western Region and later the Mid-Western State. The state's creation was intended to decentralize administration and bring governance closer to the diverse ethnic groups in the region. Asaba, located on the banks of the River Niger, was chosen as the administrative capital, while Warri remained the primary commercial hub.
Geography and Natural Landscape
The state is situated in the southern part of Nigeria and is characterized by its low-lying terrain with numerous rivers, creeks, and estuaries. It shares boundaries with Edo State to the north, Ondo State to the west and north-west, Anambra State to the east, and Bayelsa and Rivers states to the south and south-east. The southern portion of the state consists of mangrove swamps that transition into tropical rainforests in the central and northern areas. Its strategic location along the Bight of Benin makes it a vital maritime gateway for the country.
Economy and Resource Profile
Delta is one of Nigeria's leading producers of crude oil and natural gas, contributing significantly to the Federation Account. The state hosts several major industrial facilities, including the Warri Refinery and Petrochemical Company and the Delta Steel Company at Aladja. Beyond the petroleum sector, the economy is supported by agriculture, specifically the production of oil palm, rubber, and timber. Fishing remains a primary occupation in the riverine communities, while urban centers like Agbor and Sapele serve as major hubs for inland commerce.
Ethnic Diversity and Cultural Heritage
The state is a multi-ethnic entity comprising five major groups: the Urhobo, Igbo (Anioma), Itsekiri, Ijaw, and Isoko. Each group maintains distinct linguistic traditions and vibrant cultural festivals, such as the Okere Juju and Agbassa Juju festivals. Delta State is also an educational center, hosting institutions like the Delta State University in Abraka and the Federal University of Petroleum Resources in Effurun. This cultural diversity is reflected in the state's traditional governance systems and rich heritage in arts and music.
Local Government Areas (25)
Other Nigerian States
Share this profile
Help others learn about Delta State