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National Identity

The National Pledge

The National Pledge is an oath of allegiance to Nigeria, authored in 1976 to instill patriotism and unity among citizens, particularly students.

Quick Facts

Author
Felicia Adebola Adeyoyin (later Professor)
Year of Composition
1976
Adoption Date
1976
Primary Purpose
To foster national loyalty and civic responsibility
Recitation
Primarily recited in schools; also used at some civic or government functions

The Words

I pledge to Nigeria my country. To be faithful, loyal and honest. To serve Nigeria with all my strength. To defend her unity, and uphold her honour and glory. So help me God.

Origin and History

The National Pledge was written in 1976 by Felicia Adebola Adeyoyin, who later became a professor at the University of Lagos. She was inspired to write it after her children asked why they did not have a national oath similar to the one they recited in American schools. Her draft was published in the Daily Times newspaper in July 1976 and caught the attention of the military government. General Olusegun Obasanjo, the then Head of State, formally adopted a modified version later that year.

Symbolism and Themes

The text of the pledge emphasizes absolute loyalty to the Federal Republic of Nigeria and a commitment to serve the nation with all one's strength. It highlights core values such as honesty, honor, and the preservation of national unity. By reciting the pledge, Nigerians commit to upholding the country's integrity and defending its sovereign status. The pledge ends with the phrase 'So help me God.'

Educational and Civic Role

In the Nigerian education system, the National Pledge is commonly recited at school assemblies, particularly during morning sessions. This practice is designed to internalize patriotic values in citizens from a young age. Beyond schools, the pledge is also used at some civic or government functions, although it is not a routine or defining element of most official state ceremonies or military parades in the way the national anthem is. It serves as a reminder of the collective responsibility required to maintain 'one nation bound in freedom, peace and unity' - a line from the former national anthem, 'Arise, O Compatriots,' which was used from 1978 to 2024. In May 2024, Nigeria's national anthem became 'Nigeria, We Hail Thee.' This commitment complements the national motto of 'Unity and Faith, Peace and Progress'.

The Legacy of the Author

Professor Felicia Adebola Adeyoyin remained a relatively quiet figure despite her immense contribution to Nigeria's national identity. For many years, the authorship of the pledge was not widely known by the general public until later recognition by the government. She was a specialist in social studies and education. Adeyoyin passed away in 2021, and her work remains one of the most widely recited civic texts in Nigeria, especially in schools.

Key Works / Related Items

  • Original draft published in Daily Times (July 1976)
  • The National Pledge of the Federal Republic of Nigeria
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